Gender aspects in physical culture and sports: sociological studies

Abstract

The contemporary pace of life and the changing environment we live in very often become the cause of adverse changes in the training process. Additionally, we perform daily activities incorrectly, improperly using our body’s capabilities. Some parts of it work too little, while others work too much. This is eventually reflected in disorders of the musculoskeletal system. The human body, to be fully functional, strong, and healthy, needs an appropriate dose of physical activity. Therefore, all activity is associated with movement, which is accompanied by our senses: hearing, smell, vision, touch, taste. Activity is a specific ability, or propensity for action. Every human being has a predisposition to act from birth. To be dynamic is the same as to be active, to do something, to act and perform. Through action, their sensitivity increases and with development, they become more accurate and precise. Therefore, creating educational situations open to sensory experiences is important for movement.An element of motor activities is the sense of one's own body. All this is a sociological aspect. Every human being has at his disposal a certain knowledge of how the social world around him is constructed. We view the social world from the perspective of a small fragment of reality that we deal with directly, common knowledge is created through the exchange of experiences. Gender is also very important in modern physical culture and sport. The subject of gender in the psychological and pedagogical training of athletes is biological and social diversity between the sexes and its impact on the sports training process. There are differences between genders in terms of preferences, motivation, emotions, communication style or how to cope with stress. This is an important issue for coaches and sports psychologists, who should adapt their working methods to the individual needs and characteristics of athletes, taking into account gender differences. One of the most important tasks of sports pedagogy and the training process is to educate athletes and prepare them physically, mentally and socially. A positive coach respects and loves his sport and teaches his pupils to do the same. Gender issues in physical culture and sport refer to gender differences and stereotypes and their impact on physical activity, sport and physical education activities. There are certain perceptions regarding gender that can influence how girls and boys are encouraged to engage in physical activity, how they are assessed in sports, or what disciplines are allocated to them.It is important to consider the ways in which gender differences are presented in this area and how possible inequalities or limitations can be reduced.