Abstract:
У статті йдеться про значення пластичної анатомії як базової основи академічного рисунка, наголошується на необхідності її систематичного та поглибленого вивчення, визначено місце цієї дисципліни в навчальному процесі та особливості її викладання в НАОМА.
In the article the development and establishment figure, both
theoretical and practical disciplines ranging from ancient times – from ancient
Egypt, ancient Greece, the Renaissance to the present day. Methods figure
evolved gradually and, if early attention was paid only proportionate laws, which
among other things based on different modules, say the Egyptians and the
Greeks, then during the Renaissance thanks to such masters as Leonardo da
Vinci, Michelangelo and others plastic anatomy became Drawing methods of
teaching. First, private schools, and then – in the state academy, which were
established during the XVI–XVIII centuries the anatomy paid much attention, but
in the twentieth century. an integral part of a picture and was raised to a higher level. On the formation and development of education Drawing influenced by
such masters in Europe, taking Karachchi, Albrecht Dürer, Paul Rubens, Ashbe,
and in – А. Losenko, К. Bryulov, I. Kramskoy, Р. Chistyakov, D. Kardovsky and
others. Kyiv Art Institute (now – NAOMA), based on the program of the Academy
of Art since its 100-year existence, which we celebrate this year, pays attention
to such subjects as «Plastic Anatomy», without which there can be convincingly
realistic drawing, which are taught at the Academy. The article describes in detail
how the Academy is the study plastic anatomy as compiled program for first
and second courses, tasks students should do in each semester. This includes
teacher lectures, practical work in the office – drawing bones of the drugs and the
course, drawing plaster casts muscular torso cover, upper and lower extremities
for the second course. After studying each topic conducted tests where students
have to draw on the memory of the material covered – vrysuvaty now outline
skeleton bones or muscular cover. Examination job after studying the course
consists of plastic anatomy nude figure drawing from life IZ consistent skeleton
can consider not only how and the course, but muscle coverage.