Особливості функціонально-планувальної організації споруд для осіб з вадами зору

Abstract

В статті проведено аналіз особливостей розпланування внутрішнього простору спеціалізованих будівель для осіб з вадами зору та сформовано розгорнутий перелік засобів функціонально-планувальної організації транзитних просторів таких споруд. The article illustrates a complex of functional-planning means to organize transit space of a building in appliance with conditions ensuring the effectiveness of the Blind’s orientation. Such conditions are: the minimum length of the route, non-branching of transit space, communications’ isolation from external influences, unhindered access within a building, objects’ stationarity. Optimization of routs’ length is possible through distribution of maximum quantity of rooms on minimum length of communication. This can be achieved by two-sided arrangement of planning elements. Another way to decrease the length of the roots is to minimize the quantity of planning elements along the communication, which is possible through blocking of rooms with similar assignment. Alongside this for the purpose of reduction in the duration of the Blind’s transfer inside the building, rooms intended for their operation should be placed as close to the entrance as possible. Non-branching transit space is organized on the basis of linear composition. Room’s distribution along linear communication contributes to clearness of the rout and sequence of object’s perception. Isolation from external influences is possible through inner orientation of glazed fragments of corridors and galleries or through arrangement of acoustic barrier. It can be created with chambers, technical rooms, interior gardens etc, turned towards streets with heavy traffic or other noisemakers. Unhindered access within a building and objects’ stationarity are achieved by allocation of dangerous elements inside niches, grouping of furniture and equipment elements, elimination of transforming elements.