Зображення кінцівок людини

Abstract

Досліджуючи методику навчання зображувати кінцівки людини – одне з важливих завдань з рисунка, – автор акцентує увагу на можливості досконального вивчення в укрупненому масштабі таких частин тіла людини, як ноги і руки. Наголошується, що оволодіти майстерністю рисунка кінцівок рук і стоп можна тільки за умови постійної роботи з натурою, а також уважного і глибокого їх вивчення. The research is intended to study the drawing technique of human limbs as one of the important tasks of art teaching; the author has given careful consideration to the possibility of thorough study of human legs and arms in large scale. Since the academic program for the second year of study requires that the students have to learn the inner and the external plastic of human hand and foot, as well as a natural plastic posture at artificial light, it is of the essence to pick a model with expressive limb skeleton. The task requires deliberate arrangement decision for a paper sheet format – both for the model limbs and for the limbs’ skeletons. The hands’ and feet’s sketches of daily observations including their movements and structure are to be educational material for every student. The special attention of the students is to be focused at the forearm bones at the position of supine and prone luxation. It also is very important to copy famous artworks of great masters, the practice will do much good. Besides, the students must use anatomical charts, drawings and moulages. While analyzing the skeleton of lower limbs one should keep in mind that pelvis is jointed with legs each of that consisting of thighbone, shin bone and splinter bone of anticnemion, and a foot consisting of bony tarsus and a forefoot. The foot is built as an arch cover and supports the whole body. Coupling of a shoulder, an elbow, a carpus, a knee and a foot are to be the subject of much attention of any artist. The student that failed to learn the aforesaid won’t be able to build a man shape and to depicture his movements correctly. Speaking about the lower leg’s musculi it is necessary to mention that knee-joint is subject to detailed study. The musculi are divided into three groups: front, external and back ones. Every day sketches of arms and legs, careful and detailed study, accomplishments of learning activities will be essential for future artist’s work. Arms of men and women, elder people and children are different, the same as their faces. Hence, observation and sketchers are to become students’ daily exercises for it is the only way to acquire skills of limbs drawing.